Overview
The oral retinoid, isotretinoin (Accutane), is the mainstay of treatment for severe nodular and cystic acne that is unresponsive to other therapies.
Detailed Description
Isotretinoin is used by itself as monotherapy and is the closest thing to a “cure” for acne. This medication mimics the effects of Vitamin A and works by decreasing sebum production, the number of bacteria in the follicles, and the amount of keratin production that is responsible for follicular plugging. Some common side effects include chapped lips, dry skin, and elevated levels of liver enzymes and lipids. If taken with antibiotics, isotretinoin may cause headache, nausea, and visual disturbances from increased pressure within the skull, a condition called pseudotumor cerebri. Most notably, isotretinoin is a known teratogen, meaning that it can cause serious birth defects. Therefore, females are required to sign consent forms that they understand the dangerous effects of the drug on a fetus, as well as take strict birth control precautions including frequent pregnancy tests. Given these potential consequences, isotretinoin should only be prescribed for patients who have severe acne that does not respond to other therapies or those who would suffer from permanent severe scarring without this medication.
Related Conditions
Acne
Related Procedures
Acne- Hormonal therapy
Acne- Systemic antibiotics
Acne-Topical agents
Last updated: 19-May-04
